Electric Energy Systems

EGR 325, Spring 2008

Professor: Judith Cardell
Office: EGR 105b
Office hours: Monday 1:30 - 2:30; Wednesday 10:30 - 11:30

Class Time: TR 1:00 - 2:50, in EGR 102
Prerequisites: EGR 220, Circuit Theory
Text: Electric Energy: An Introduction, by Mohamed El-Sharkawi, CRC Press, 2005.

 


 

Course Overview and Objectives
The course introduces students both to a variety of energy conversion technologies (renewable, hydro, nuclear and fossil), and to the operation of electric power systems. Coursework includes broad analyses of the conversion technologies and computer simulation of power systems. Engineering, policy, environmental and societal aspects of energy conversion and energy use are discussed. A team-based project analyzes the different aspects of the use of biomass in Honduras to support a farmers' collaborative. The objective of this course is to introduce students to electric power systems and to energy conversion technologies. Through the material presented in this course, students will learn:

  1. The fundamental principles of producing electric power,
  2. To analyze complex engineering systems, and to gain familiarity with incorporating technical, policy and societal elements in the analysis framework,
  3. The inherent tradeoffs between the often conflicting objectives of power system design and operation, including cost, reliability, and environmental impacts,
  4. The far reaching effects of electric power and energy conversion on human society,
  5. To improve oral, graphical and written communication skills
  6. To evaluate her personal learning process and understanding of the concepts and skills from class.

Course Concept Map
The concept map will be used throughout the semester to bring together the course topics, and modeling and analysis techniques.

Assignments
The syllabus lists the reading for each class period. Students are expected to do the reading before coming to class, in order to be fully prepared to solidify the material in the class period. There will be almost-weekly homework assignments, a project that can be done alone or in teams, one midterm exam and a final take home exam. There may be short, 10-minute quizzes on the readings at the beginning of class periods.

Homework format
All homework solutions must be written on standard engineering paper. Short essay questions should be typed and printed out. Students are encouraged to work together to understand the concepts, but each student must hand in her own solutions. All assignments are to be neatly written or typed, and stapled, with your name and date. Note that students are expected to follow the Honor Code for all work in this course. Copying on homework or quizzes/exams, and other violations will be brought to the honor board.

The purpose of the homework is for you to have the opportunity to practice - practice - practice the skills and concepts from class, and to think about the policy and societal questions beyond class discussions. Since homework is the time to practice, you are not expected to have perfects solutions at all times. You are expected to do your best work for each problem however. In recognition of these goals, each homework problem will be evaluated with the following 10 point scale as a guide:

A complete attempt includes identifying what is known, articulating what you are solving, stating any assumptions, properly labeling figures, including units and a reasonable number of significant figures in your answer, and clearly and neatly documenting your progression towards a final result. Homework solutions often will be compiled from the solutions submitted by the class, so it is very important that your solutions can be clearly understood by all!

Essays will be graded as ✓, ✓- or ✓+

Biomass Project
There will be a solo or small-group project in which students will gain practical experience in designing and/or analyzing a selected element of a power system. This year the projects will focus on different aspects of a project addressing the use of biomass as a fuel for electricity production in Honduras, as a means to support a farmers' collaborative.

Quizzes and Exams
There may be weekly - quizzes that are used to assess progress and ensure students do not fall behind in course work. The questions on these quizzes will either be related to the homework due the previous week or focused on the current reading assignment. In addition to providing the instructor with feedback on the class progress, these tools are also a great opportunity for student self-assessment on learning course material. Average quiz grades of 9 or 10 may be used to raise a student's final grade at the end of the semester.

Exams
There will be one midterm exam in-class and a final exam, used to solidify concepts and learning assess progress.

Class attendance
Students are required to attend class and participate in class discussions and problem solving exercises. The course grade is 20% participation - as important as homework and the midterm exam! This means that you must be in class and participate in the discussions to receive full credit for this portion of the course.

Grading
Grades in this course are designed to represent your achievement of the objectives listed above. The course components that will make up your grade are listed below.

ASSIGNMENT
GRADE CONTRIBUTION
Homework sets
20%
Class particpation
20%
Project
15%
Midterm exam
20%
Final exam
25%

Late Policy
All homework assignments are to be submitted at the time specified; late assignments will be penalized at the rate of one point per minute unless you have requested and received and extension at least 24 hours before the deadline. However, each student will have a total of 1 hour (60 minutes) grace time to be used as desired by that student over the course of the semester, such that you can have a semester total of 60 tardy minutes for homework and labs without penalty (note that these minutes cannot be used for in-class reading questions, quizzes or exams).

Honor Code
The homework assignments that you submit must be your own work. You are encouraged to discuss the problems and essay questions with your classmates and work on them together, but each student must work out her own answers. It is not okay to copy answers from another student's homework - doing so is a violation of the Honor Code. Note that it is a violation of the honor code to 1) use or copy another student's work, and 2) provide another student with your work. Projects will be done in small groups. Exams must be exclusively each student's own work, following the instructions provided with each exam. Do not hesitate to ask any questions that you may have concerning the honor code!

 


 

EGR 325 Class and Assignment Schedule, Spring 2008

Date Topic Reading HW due FRIDAYS
(by 4pm to EGR 105b)
Jan 29 Course & Project Overview;
History and objectives of energy systems and electric power systems;
Components of electric power systems
*Course Concept Map*
Intro Slides
º Chapters 1 & 2
º How Stuff Works: How Power Grids Work
 
Jan 31 Fossil fuel energy resources & Ethanol;
Energy vs. Capacity;
EIA_Fuel Slides
º Chapter 3
skim the following
º National Geographic: Future Power
º Running On Grass: Fields of Fuel
º Critique of Ethanol
 
for reference
º National Geographic: The End of Cheap Oil (follow link to read entire article)
º Can Nuclear Power Deliver?
º Ethanol energy balance
º EIA Annual Energy Perspectives
º DOE EIA Annual Energy Review

HW 1 due FRIDAY:
Chapter 1, #1.4, 1.5, 1.6, 1.7 (short answers);
Chapter 3, #3.3
Honduras: Research basic statistics on the country of Honduras. Hand in up to one page, typed, with references.
References should following the formatting guidelines in Reference Formatting Guidelines
Feb 5 Government Energy Policy;
AND Hydroelectric Power Generation
Hydro Slides
º Sections 4.1 and 5.2 and 6.4 (all on hydro)
skim the following
º The Scope and Limits of Energy Policy, Zelby 1991
º Government Action for Energy Security, Andrews 2005
 
Feb 7 Fossil Fuel Power Plants; Cogeneration; Nuclear Power Plants
PwrPlant Slides
º Chapter 4, Sections 4.2 & 4.3
º Cal. Ctr for Sustainable Energy, Cogen
º US DOE Cogeneration
º Tecogen, DG Cogen Mfr.
HW 2:
Chapter 4, # 4.9, 4.13 (see pp 118-121), 4.14, 4.15, 4.16, 4.23
Honduras: Research basic statistics on the energy needs and uses in Honduras. Hand in up to one page, typed, with references.
Feb 12 Class Cancelled    
Feb 14 Rural Electrification;
Environmental emissions and issues;
Climate change and electric power
Env Slides
º Chapter 5;
º PSERC: Power System and Climate Change
º ABB Access to Electricity
º London Economics: Extending Rural Electrification
º The Welfare Impact of Rural Electrification, The World Bank
Rural Electrification Discussion
HW 3:
Chapter 5, #5.2, 5.3 (up to 1 paragraph, typed, each)
Feb 19 Climate change discussion conclusion;
Intermittent renewable energy resources;
Renewable Resrc
º Chapter 6 - renewable resource (not technology) sections, only
º US DOE Biomass
º Biomass, World Energy Council
º Wind Power in New England (through figures on p 713)
º skim (to know it's here)
IADB: A Blueprint for Green Energy
for reference
º Solar Radiation Basics 1 (Introduction and Background links)
º Solar Radiation Basics 2
º Hourly Solar Data
º Hourly Wind Data (.asc files open in Excel)
 
Feb 21 Electricity Demand: Load modeling & the *Load Duration Curve*
Load Modeling
º California Illuminates the World, NRDC
º Chapter 8 Production Cost Models, pp 270-272, Wood & Wollenberg
HW 4:
Feb 26 Renewable energy power conversion;
Power System Planning: Screening Curves, Technology mix, Conservation programs and Production cost models
Screening Curves
RETs: Ch 6
Integrating RETs
º Chapter 6

for reference
º PVs in Chicago, IEEE 2003
º Coming Clean with Fuel Cells, IEEE 2003
º Is the Answer Blowing in the Wind?, IEEE 2003

 
Feb 28 Day-ahead Planning: Economic Dispatch 1: Generator Costs; Linear Programming
ED1
Economic dispatch handouts:
º Pages 29-34, Ch 3 in Wood & Wollenberg
º Pages 525-536 in Glover & Sarma
º Linear Programming Tutorial, Chapters 1 & 2 as needed
º deNeufville and Vanderbei as needed
HW 5: Chapter 6 and Modeling Data
Mar 4 Day-ahead Planning: Economic Dispatch 2: Constrainted Optimization, Linear Programming & the Lagrangean
ED2
   
Mar 6 Integrating Non-Dispatchable Technologies into Power Systems pt 2
Power System Planning: Expansion Planning & the PowerPlan Model
ED3
LongTerm Planning
  HW 6: LDCs & Economic Dispatch
HW 6 data files
Mar 11
Midterm Exam
Midterm Exam
 
Mar 13 PowerPlan & Discussion on the Honduras Biomass Project
System Planning
º PowerPlan Manual
º OLD PowerPlan Manual with useful, but outdated, diagrams
º Planning Criteria Example
 
Mar 18
Spring
Break
Yeah!
Mar 25 Review of AC circuits; Impedance, Inductance and Capacitance
AC Circuits 1
º Review EGR 220 text
º Chapter 7
º Chapter 13 through p 421
º Chapter 10, pp 323-329, Bergen & Vittal
º Chapter 9, pp 329-339, Grainger & Stevenson
 
Mar 27 Review of AC circuits, real and reactive power, and power flow;
Complex Power
Honduras
º PowerWorld User's Guide
º Pages 525-536 in Glover & Sarma
HW 7
Apr 1 Real-time System Operations: Power flow in an interconnected system;
Power Flow 1
º Chapter 9  
Apr 3 Power Flow 2;
Power Flow 2
º Chapter 13 HW 8
Apr 8 Optimal Power Flow;
Honduras Project;
Honduras project
º Chapter 13  
Apr 10 Electric Machines: 3 phase power & Electric machines
3PhsPwr & Induc_Motors
º Chapters 9 & 12, (12.1 & 12.2)
º Amatrol information
HW 9 and
Initial findings on biogas/biodiesel - electronic submission of useful web links and/or academic articles - with a brief statement on why each is useful
Apr 15 Transformers & Induction Motors 2
Transformers & Induc_Motors
Chapters 11 & 12, (12.1, 12.2)  
Apr 17 Electric machines 2: Lab;
Induction Motors
Chapter 12: (12.1 & 12.2)
º Amatrol information
HW 9
Apr 22 Synchronous Generators;
Synchronous Gens
º Chapter 12: (12.4)
º RFF Report
 
Apr 24 Synchronous Gemerators 2 Chapter 12: (12.4) HW 10: Motors lab
Apr 29 Electrical Safety
Safety
Chatper 8  
May 1 Course Summary - Planning and operating existing and future power systems º Distributed Utility Overview
º SuperGrid Report
º MicroGrid Overview
º MicroGrid IEEE Concept Paper
HW 11: Bring one comment from at least one of the linked articles - emphasizing interesting and/or unexpected issues/concepts/trends/etc. from the readings
Self-scheduled
FINAL EXAM