EGR 328, Spring 2019
Wireless Sensor Networks

Professor: Judith Cardell; Room 352 Ford Hall
Office hours: Monday 11-12; Wednesday 1:30-2:30

Class Time: Tu/Th

Pre-requisites:
 * EGR 220 - for building and testing circuits
 * CSC 111 - for some programming experience
 * CS majors: CSC231 or CSC270 instead of EGR220

Text:
Students must purchase a microprocessor/sensor kit
A textbook is available in the campus book store  


   

Course Overview
Our world is being transformed by networked communications, in terms of both engineering advances and social, political and economic interactions. Underlying this transformation are three major technologies: computer networks, wireless communications and sensors. This course will introduce students to the theory and implementation of these technologies, including an overview of the OSI protocol stack, more focused study of the 802.11 and Zigbee wireless protocols, and the use of basic sensors as controlled by microprocessors. Students will also analyze and debate privacy and security concerns, as well as the social, political and economic benefits of these technologies. Students will participate in designing and implementing a small wireless sensor network on Smith Campus, using this test bed as the means to gain a deeper understanding of the technologies and the issues they raise.

EGR 328 Class and Assignment Schedule, Spring 2019

Week Topic Reading HW and Learning Notebooks due (Friday Morning
by 10am to FH 352)
Jan 24
Course Overview
  • Defining a WSN
  • Semester and topic overview
  • Assignments
  • Show & Tell of Arduino + Sensors + XBee

Ongoing work

  • Learning Notebooks for weekly homework
  • Knowledge Building
  • Eagle Challenge discussion for creating a WSN

For Tuesday, bring to class, for peer review, your course notebooks with:
  1. Your learning objectives for: (a) the next two weeks, and (b) the semester
  2. Topic for WSN to build, and your plan for the first steps
  3. Topic for WSN to research, and your plan for the first steps
Three Wireless Sensor Network Texts on Moodle to read through as needed
Semester Assignments:
  1. Course notebooks with your weekly plan, accomplishments, and progress on your leaning goals
  2. WSN you will build with a partner
  3. WSN you will research and present (with a partner)
  4. Two midterm exams, one oral exam with me
Jan 28 Programming: Review for Arduino Sketches
  • Review from CSC 111 and Intro to C
  • Basic structure of Arduino sketches
  • Debugging - software and hardware

Arduino & Progamming Tutorials

Arduino IDE

  • HW 1 DUE IN CLASS ON THURSDAY
HW every week:
  • Record notes in Course Notebooks;
  • For every week, develop your plan for the week, record this in your notebook, and summarize your weekly progress on your plan, and toward your learning goals.
Feb 4 Sensors (to use with the Arduino)
  • Input sensor options
  • Output/response options from microprocessor
  • Arduino + sensor(s) circuits and programs

Discuss WSN semester projects

  • Discuss text chapters
  • Discuss GPS, RFID, camera options
  • Bring initial ideas and hardware/software diagrams to class for discussion
Slides:
Reading with a Purpose WSN Overviews (Read and refer to over entire semester):

Arduino and Sensors Readings:

  • Use the books in the lab, linked tutorials and other tutorials you find

Sample Sensors Readings:

  • Getting Started with RFID (Moodle)
  • RFID Guide
  • Alternatively, find your own readings on RFID and surveillance cameras
HW 2: Potentially include initial thoughts in your notebook on creating a sensor network.

Adafruit Tutorials:

Feb 11 Wiring the Wireless Radios
  • Xbees, Xbee adapters
  • Wiring circuits with Xbees & the pre-defined pins
  • Terminal programs for configuring and debugging
  • Command mode (AT) and Hex numbers

Programming part 2

  • Serial input and output to/from terminal
  • Sending/receiving binary data to the computer
  • More with debugging
  • Demonstrate the wireless doorbell with the Xbees, or other network of your choosing

Slides Tues & Thurs class:

Xbee readings:

Find and read about Arduino and circuits.

  • Check the Arduino tutorials
  • Adafruit, Make Electronics and many many sites have a lot available.
  • Use texts in lab and on Moodle.
Notebooks
  • Complete a working Arduino + sensor + Xbee network
  • Doorbell project in "Wireless Sensor Networks" O'Reilly book, OR
  • Point to point Xbee project
Feb 18 Introduction to Microprocessors & Discussion of WSN
  • Learning objectives and ICAP Framework


º Your plans from your notebooks

Find and read about new sensors you will try

  • 37 Sensor Kit Tutorials
  • Check the Adafruit, SparkFun, Jameco sites.
  • Make electronics has a lot of good information.
  • Many many sites have a lot available.
  • Use texts in lab and on Moodle.

WSN Examples

Notebooks: Always include your plan for the week, which needs to go beyond what I have posted for the week, "efficient reading" notes on articles and chapters posted here and found on your own, progress on semester WSN, and evidence of learning
Feb 25 Microprocessors & WSN Example Discussion
  • Computers vs. Microprocessors
  • Components of a microprocessor
  • Using article on "Efficient Reading" (first week), bring critique of articles and/or WSN case studies in agriculture for Thursday (see links above)
  • For our discussion, using the ICAP framework, write down some how? why? what is next? questions for discussing WSN implementation for the semester
  • Ideo video on design thinking and knowledge building
WSN Issues and Examples for Thursday
  • Bring first draft ideas for semester WSN you will implement
  • Write pseudo-code to use one of these sensors in a WSN that you could build

  • WSN Text Ch 1, Introduction, (Moodle)
  • WSN Text Ch 2, Applications, (Moodle)
  • Fundamentals of WSN Ch 2, Applications (again), (Moodle)

Arduino and Sensors Readings:

  • Use the books in the lab, linked tutorials and other tutorials you find
  • Everyone must find one or more article(s) on a WSN to read, critique and bring to class (this can be from those linked above, or something else leading into your semester projects)
Notebooks.
Mar 4

Privacy and Legal History

  • How do you define privacy?
  • What can we maintain as private?
  • What are our privacy protections?
  • Formal proposals for sensor network project due
MIDTERM EXAM - 3 PARTS:
  • Part 1: Practical (in-person with me) Exam
    • Demonstrate a small WSN communicating with my Xbee.
  • Part 2: A formal, professional written proposal for your project to build a WSN, with a title, group members, objective, methods, expected results, planned prototypes, who would be interested, timeline and who does what, with explanatory text throughout (subject to change, but a good and complete initial proposal).
  • Part 3: A formal, professional written proposal for your Existing WSN Presentation, with a title, group members, at least three references for your selected WSN, anticipated insights into and issues related to WSN for leading a class discussion in April.
Mar 11

 
  Spring Break  
 

Spring Break

Spring Break

Mar 18 Designing Privacy into Our WSN
  • Privacy aware design
  • Privacy lessons from IRB and other readings and experiences
  • How does IRB fail with advanced technology?
  • Plans from your notebooks
  • Questions about / Feedback on proposals
  • Privacy Aware Design
  • CITI IRB Text
Electricity Data and Privacy: Notebooks

Don't forget to always include your plan for the week, "efficient reading" notes on articles posted here and found on your own, progress on semester WSN, and evidence of learning

Mar 25 Network Protocols and the Protocol Stack
  • Introduction to the Internet
  • Introduction to the Data Link Layer Protocols
  • Wireless network protocol: CSMA/CA
  • Internet introduction on Moodle
  • Wireless Slides
Internet Readings (browse through, and read a couple in depth): Notebooks, including topics/questions for all our WSN projects
Apr 1

Zigbee & Introduction to Security

  • Zigbee and 802.11
  • Cryptography basics
  • Zigbee Slides
  • Security Slides
  • Zigbee Wireless Networks and Transceivers, especially ch 1 & 2 (Moodle)
  • Zigbee Wireless Networking, especially ch 1 (Moodle)
  • Zigbee Overview, Elsevier
  • Getting Started
  • Zigbee AMI
  • Demystifying Xbee, Digi
  • Zigbee Layer Tutorial
  • Zigbee Stack Image
  • Protocol Stack Image
  • A Case Study
  • Zigbee & Health Care
  • Light Switch Example
  • Notebooks
    Apr 8 Security
    • Security solutions and evolving concerns with emerging technology
    • * No class April 11 *
    • Security 2 Slides
    Notebooks
    Apr 15 Student-led discussions and Demonstrations (WSN & research projects)
    • Demonstrations of Student WSNs
    • April 18: WSN talk 1
    • April 18: WSN talk 2
    Zigbee, More than any one person will need (choose wisely):
     
    Apr 22 Student-led discussions (research projects)
    • April 23: WSN talk 3
    • April 23: WSN talk 4
    • April 25: WSN talk 5
    • April 25: WSN talk 6
       
    Apr 29

     
    Course Review

     

      WSN Demos and finishing touches as needed
     
    Final Written Reports and self-assessments

    Due finals week to 352 Ford Hall

      Final Reports Assignment

    Course Objectives
    Through the material explored in this course, students will discuss and learn:

    1. To design and implement a small wireless sensor network, including
      • The sensors
      • The Arduino microprocssor
      • The XBee wireless transmitters and receivers
      • The far reaching issues of sensors invading our world
    2. How the elements of a wireless sensor network function apart and together
    3. The fundamentals of wireless network operation,
    4. The issues surrounding privacy, security and the fun and usefulness of new technology, including the following areas
      • Legal
      • Technological
      • Political, and
      • Social
    5. To improve graphical and written communication skills,
    6. To evaluate her personal learning process and understanding of the concepts and skills from class.

    ABET Outcomes for EGR 328
    For students' Books of Evidence, the following ABET outcomes can be achieved by every student taking EGR 328. Note that this is a shared responsibility between the course professor and each student. If you do not understand how or when these outcomes are being addressed through the course material, be sure to come to office hours (while there are still many weeks remaining in the semester). If populating your BoEs is left until the end of the semester, it could be too late to achieve all you planned on.

    • Student Outcome (a) APPLICATION: an ability to apply knowledge of mathematics, science, and engineering
      • (a)2: The student applies fundamental scientific and engineering principles in solving engineering problems.
    • Student Outcome (b) EXPERIMENTATION: an ability to design and conduct experiments, as well as to analyze and interpret data
      • (b)1: The student designs an experiment and carries it out.
    • Student Outcome (c) DESIGN: an ability to design a system, component, or process to meet desired needs within realistic constraints such as economic, environmental, social, political, ethical, health and safety, manufacturability, and sustainability
      • (c)1: The student articulates stakeholder needs, realistic constraints, and relevant design requirements for a design problem.
      • (c)2: The student generates, evaluates, and selects potential design concepts in response to stated design requirements.
      • (c)3: The student develops, tests, and iteratively refines a design to meet desired needs and requirements.
    • Student Outcome (d) TEAMWORK: an ability to function on multidisciplinary teams
      • (d)1: The student recognizes and utilizes the diverse skills and knowledge of team members.
      • (d)2: The student helps to synthesize individual contributions into a coherent whole.
    • Student Outcome (g) COMMUNICATION: an ability to communicate effectively
      • (g)1: The student’s writing utilizes appropriate grammar and format, effectively articulates ideas, and demonstrates appropriate style for the audience.
      • (g)3: The student presents engineering concepts utilizing a graphical representation.
    • Student Outcome (h) CONTEXT: the broad education necessary to understand the impact of engineering solutions in a global, economic, environmental, and societal context.
      • (h)1: The student identifies the global and societal contexts within their engineering work.
      • (h)2: The student identifies the environmental context within their engineering work.
    • Student Outcome (i) LIFE-LONG LEARNING: a recognition of the need for, and ability to engage in life-long learning
      • (i)1: The student is able to articulate gaps in their knowledge.
      • (i)2: The student is able to make progress in filling knowledge gaps that s/he has identified.
    • Student Outcome (j) CONTEMPORARY ISSUES: a knowledge of contemporary issues
      • (j)1: The student connects their own engineering work to contemporary issues in society.
    • Student Outcome (k) MODERN TOOLS: an ability to use the techniques, skills, and modern engineering tools necessary for engineering practice
      • (k)1: The student demonstrates an ability to use modern tools for measurements.
      • (k)3: The student demonstrates an ability to use modern tools for mathematical modeling or data analysis.

    For students' Books of Evidence, the following ABET outcomes could be achieved by every student taking EGR 328, depending upon each student's decision in how to pursue homework and knowledge building work. Note again that this is a shared responsibility between the course professor and each student. If you do not understand how or when these outcomes are being addressed through the course material, be sure to come to office hours (while there are still many weeks remaining in the semester). If populating your BoEs is left until the end of the semester, it could be too late to achieve all you planned on.

    • Student Outcome (e) PROBLEM FRAMING: an ability to identify, formulate, and solve engineering problems
      • (e)1: The student identifies an engineering problem and articulates relevant big ideas.
      • (e)2: The student transforms a complex problem statement into a simplified model.
      • (e)3: The student solves an engineering problem and articulates the impact of simplifying assumptions.
    • Student Outcome (h) CONTEXT: the broad education necessary to understand the impact of engineering solutions in a global, economic, environmental, and societal context.
      • (h)3: The student evaluates the economics of an engineering solution.

    Reading and Class Time
    The syllabus lists the reading for each week. Students are expected to do the reading before coming to class, in order to be fully prepared to solidify the material in the class period.

    Assignments
    The assignments for the semester are posted in the table above, in the links for the first week of class. Specific assignments for some weeks are shown in that week.

    Exams
    There are two midterm exams. The first emphasizes each student being able to demonstrate a small, functioning wireless sensor network. The second exam emphasizes written answers to course material.

    Project
    Through small or large group projects, students will gain practical experience in designing and demonstrating a sensor network.

    Class attendance
    Students are required to attend class and participate in class discussions and problem solving exercises.

    Grading
    Grades in this course are designed to represent your achievement of the objectives listed above. The course components that will make up your grade are listed below.

    ASSIGNMENT
    GRADE CONTRIBUTION
    Course notebooks & other homework assignments
    20%
    Project 1: Building a WSN
    20%
    Project 2: Research and Present a WSN
    20%
    Class particpation
    20%
    Midterm oral exam
    20%

    Late Policy
    All homework assignments and course notebooks must be turned in to room Ford Hall 352 (or prior to that time, in class); late assignments will be penalized at the rate of one point per minute unless you have requested and received and extension at least 24 hours before the deadline. However, each student will have a total of 1 hour (60 minutes) grace time to be used as desired by that student over the course of the semester, such that you can have a semester total of 60 tardy minutes for homework and the project without penalty (note that these minutes cannot be used for in-class reading questions, μ-Quizzes or exams).

    Honor Code
    It is not okay to copy notes, thoughts, diagrams or answers from another student's notebook or homework - doing so is a violation of the Honor Code. Note that it is a violation of the honor code to 1) use or copy another student's work, and 2) provide another student with your work. Projects will be done in small groups. Exams must be exclusively each student's own work, following the instructions provided with each exam. Do not hesitate to ask any questions that you may have concerning the honor code.