{"id":2111,"date":"2024-05-14T00:57:37","date_gmt":"2024-05-14T00:57:37","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.science.smith.edu\/climatelit\/?page_id=2111"},"modified":"2025-02-28T03:02:13","modified_gmt":"2025-02-28T03:02:13","slug":"parable-of-the-sower-1993-by-octavia-butler","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.science.smith.edu\/climatelit\/parable-of-the-sower-1993-by-octavia-butler\/","title":{"rendered":"<em>Parable of the Sower<\/em>  (1993) by Octavia Butler"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"attachment_2102\" style=\"width: 309px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-2102\" class=\" wp-image-2102\" src=\"https:\/\/www.science.smith.edu\/climatelit\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/97\/2024\/05\/ParableOfTheSower1stEd-199x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"299\" height=\"451\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.science.smith.edu\/climatelit\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/97\/2024\/05\/ParableOfTheSower1stEd-199x300.jpg 199w, https:\/\/www.science.smith.edu\/climatelit\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/97\/2024\/05\/ParableOfTheSower1stEd.jpg 257w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 299px) 100vw, 299px\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-2102\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Published by Four Walls Eight Windows (1993).<\/p><\/div>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Parable of the Sower<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> is a speculative fiction book written by Octavia Butler and published in 1993. The book follows the journey of Lauren Olamina, a girl who is able to feel the pain of others, as she comes of age in a world ravaged by climate change and structural inequality. In the story, Lauren begins to discover and develop a new religion, Earthseed, that she believes will help prepare the human race to change the world they live in and to populate other planets as well.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Parable<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u2019s themes of adaptation and building community in the face of environmental and structural degradation, as well as the philosophy of Earthseed (which declares that \u201cGod is change\u201d), are resonant with current responses to the climate crisis.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b>How is this related to climate?<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Throughout the book, Lauren and her community have to find ways to live on the meager resources available to them in Southern California. Water is scarce and must be rationed off, and most of the food Lauren and her family eat they grew themselves. Lauren also learns how to forage and grow crops that are native to the region and require less water. In reality, <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.science.smith.edu\/climatelit\/southwestern-united-states-megadrought-2000-to-present\/\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">California has experienced several droughts and crop failures<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> as a result of climate change.<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">According to the California Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment\u2019s Palmer Drought Severity Index, California experienced its most extreme drought in at least a hundred years in 2021 (graph below).<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div id=\"attachment_2104\" style=\"width: 599px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><img decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-2104\" class=\" wp-image-2104\" src=\"https:\/\/www.science.smith.edu\/climatelit\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/97\/2024\/05\/Untitled-drawing-300x83.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"589\" height=\"163\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.science.smith.edu\/climatelit\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/97\/2024\/05\/Untitled-drawing-300x83.png 300w, https:\/\/www.science.smith.edu\/climatelit\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/97\/2024\/05\/Untitled-drawing-768x214.png 768w, https:\/\/www.science.smith.edu\/climatelit\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/97\/2024\/05\/Untitled-drawing-624x174.png 624w, https:\/\/www.science.smith.edu\/climatelit\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/97\/2024\/05\/Untitled-drawing.png 927w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 589px) 100vw, 589px\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-2104\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">California\u2019s Palmer Drought Severity Index measures the dryness of a region based on temperature, precipitation, and soil moisture data, classifying months as \u201cwet\u201d (the blue bars on top) or \u201cdry\u201d (the red bars on the bottom). Dry values below -3 indicate severe droughts, and values below -6 indicate very extreme droughts. 2021 was California&#8217;s driest month in over 100 years, with a value of -7.05 (from California Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment, 2023).<\/p><\/div>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">The two major factors that disrupt the water cycle and contribute to droughts \u2013 warming temperatures and lack of precipitation \u2013 are impacted greatly by climate change. Higher surface temperatures increase evaporation rates, which causes the ground to dry more quickly and reduces soil moisture. Increasing irregularity of wind and ocean currents is making rainfalls in the U.S. west more infrequent, but often heavier, with longer stretches of droughts in between.<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Since 2021, California has experienced heavy rainfall and floods as a result of <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.science.smith.edu\/climatelit\/atmospheric-rivers\/\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">atmospheric rivers<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">: bands of moisture in the atmosphere carrying water and small particles for thousands of miles. About half of California\u2019s annual precipitation comes from a few intense atmospheric rivers that come in the fall and winter months. Atmospheric rivers are known as \u201cdrought busters\u201d because of the temporary relief they provide from ongoing drought conditions. One of these intense atmospheric rivers, the Pineapple Express (pictured below), moved through California in February 2024 and brought heavy rainfall that filled many water reservoirs to above their average levels.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div id=\"attachment_2105\" style=\"width: 596px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><img decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-2105\" class=\" wp-image-2105\" src=\"https:\/\/www.science.smith.edu\/climatelit\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/97\/2024\/05\/Screenshot-2024-05-13-at-8.47.21\u202fPM-300x244.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"586\" height=\"477\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.science.smith.edu\/climatelit\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/97\/2024\/05\/Screenshot-2024-05-13-at-8.47.21\u202fPM-300x244.png 300w, https:\/\/www.science.smith.edu\/climatelit\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/97\/2024\/05\/Screenshot-2024-05-13-at-8.47.21\u202fPM-1024x832.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.science.smith.edu\/climatelit\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/97\/2024\/05\/Screenshot-2024-05-13-at-8.47.21\u202fPM-768x624.png 768w, https:\/\/www.science.smith.edu\/climatelit\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/97\/2024\/05\/Screenshot-2024-05-13-at-8.47.21\u202fPM-1536x1248.png 1536w, https:\/\/www.science.smith.edu\/climatelit\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/97\/2024\/05\/Screenshot-2024-05-13-at-8.47.21\u202fPM-624x507.png 624w, https:\/\/www.science.smith.edu\/climatelit\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/97\/2024\/05\/Screenshot-2024-05-13-at-8.47.21\u202fPM.png 1694w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 586px) 100vw, 586px\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-2105\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">A simulation of an atmospheric river from Hawaii in the Pacific Ocean bringing moisture up to California on the USA western coast created by the National Centers for Environmental Prediction\u2019s Global Forecast System. This particular atmospheric river from February 2024 is known as the \u201cPineapple Express\u201d (from The Washington Post, 2024).<\/p><\/div>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">The drought conditions also make it difficult for agriculture in the region, which is especially dire considering that California is the USA\u2019s most productive state agriculturally. As a result of irregular weather patterns created by climate change, crops receive little rain when they need it the most in the summer months. In response, some farmers have tried to grow crops that are more drought-resistant, like agave and mangoes (image below), or to develop crops genetically resistant to irregular weather, like walnuts.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div id=\"attachment_2106\" style=\"width: 599px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-2106\" class=\" wp-image-2106\" src=\"https:\/\/www.science.smith.edu\/climatelit\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/97\/2024\/05\/Screenshot-2024-05-13-at-8.48.52\u202fPM-300x198.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"589\" height=\"389\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.science.smith.edu\/climatelit\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/97\/2024\/05\/Screenshot-2024-05-13-at-8.48.52\u202fPM-300x198.png 300w, https:\/\/www.science.smith.edu\/climatelit\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/97\/2024\/05\/Screenshot-2024-05-13-at-8.48.52\u202fPM-1024x677.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.science.smith.edu\/climatelit\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/97\/2024\/05\/Screenshot-2024-05-13-at-8.48.52\u202fPM-768x508.png 768w, https:\/\/www.science.smith.edu\/climatelit\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/97\/2024\/05\/Screenshot-2024-05-13-at-8.48.52\u202fPM-1536x1016.png 1536w, https:\/\/www.science.smith.edu\/climatelit\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/97\/2024\/05\/Screenshot-2024-05-13-at-8.48.52\u202fPM-2048x1355.png 2048w, https:\/\/www.science.smith.edu\/climatelit\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/97\/2024\/05\/Screenshot-2024-05-13-at-8.48.52\u202fPM-624x413.png 624w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 589px) 100vw, 589px\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-2106\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Gary Gragg, a mango farmer in Sacramento Valley, examines the buds of one of his mango trees. Gragg has anticipated growing and selling mangoes in California\u2019s warmer future ever since as a child he first heard about global warming (from Cal Matters, 2023).<\/p><\/div>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">A key plot point in the <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Parable of the Sower <\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">book is mass migration from California to the Pacific Northwest: when Lauren\u2019s community is destroyed, she decides the only way to survive is to move up north where the soil is still fertile and water is less scarce. Similarly, many people facing the worst effects of climate change have been forced to migrate to places with less extreme climate.<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">The 6th report from the U.N. Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, released in 2023, predicts that globally 143 million people will be displaced by rising sea levels, droughts, and warmer temperatures in the next 30 years.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Climate migration is already happening in many places of the world. Some farmers from Central American countries like Guatemala, El Salvador, and Honduras, for example, are migrating northward because the droughts and erratic weather patterns have made it near-impossible for them to make a living off of growing crops. Additionally, the increased difficulty of growing crops contributes to rising food prices, which raise the cost of living as well.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b>References and additional resources<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Bland, A. \u201cMangoes and Agave in the Central Valley: California Farmers Try New Crops to Cope with Climate Change.\u201d <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Cal Matters<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">, 9 May 2023, <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/calmatters.org\/environment\/climate-change\/2023\/05\/california-farmers-climate-change\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">https:\/\/calmatters.org\/environment\/climate-change\/2023\/05\/california-farmers-climate-change\/<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u201cCalifornia Crops under Climate Change.\u201d <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">California Climate Hub | USDA Climate Hubs<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">, U.S. Department of Agriculture, <\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/www.climatehubs.usda.gov\/hubs\/california\/california-crops-under-climate-change\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">www.climatehubs.usda.gov\/hubs\/california\/california-crops-under-climate-change<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Cappucci, M. \u201cYet Another Atmospheric River to Slam California with Rain, Snow, Wind\u201d The Washington Post, 18 Feb. 2024, <\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/www.washingtonpost.com\/weather\/2024\/02\/18\/atmospheric-river-storm-california-floods\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">www.washingtonpost.com\/weather\/2024\/02\/18\/atmospheric-river-storm-california-floods<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Casasola, A. \u201cFacing the Speculative: \u2018Parable of the Sower\u2019 as a Parallel to Our Society.\u201d <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">The Stanford Daily<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">, 11 Oct. 2021, <\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/stanforddaily.com\/2021\/10\/10\/facing-the-speculative-parable-of-the-sower-as-a-parallel-to-our-society\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">stanforddaily.com\/2021\/10\/10\/facing-the-speculative-parable-of-the-sower-as-a-parallel-to-our-society\/<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Climate Central. \u201cAtmospheric Rivers.\u201d Atmospheric Rivers | Climate Central, 2023, <\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/www.climatecentral.org\/climate-matters\/atmospheric-rivers-2023\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">www.climatecentral.org\/climate-matters\/atmospheric-rivers-2023<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u201cClimate Change and Water.\u201d <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">California Department of Water Resources<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">, California Department of Water Resources, <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/water.ca.gov\/Programs\/All-Programs\/Climate-Change-Program\/Climate-Change-and-Water\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">water.ca.gov\/Programs\/All-Programs\/Climate-Change-Program\/Climate-Change-and-Water<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Clynes, T. \u201cWhat Does California\u2019s Flooding (and Drought) Have to Do with Climate Change?\u201d <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Vital Signs<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">, 23 Jan. 2023, <\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/vitalsigns.edf.org\/story\/what-does-californias-flooding-and-drought-have-do-climate-change\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">vitalsigns.edf.org\/story\/what-does-californias-flooding-and-drought-have-do-climate-change<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Craps, S. \u201cParable of the Sower.\u201d <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Literature\/History\/Human Rights<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">, ReadRespond, Apr. 2021, <\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/site.uit.no\/readrespond\/parable-of-the-sower\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">site.uit.no\/readrespond\/parable-of-the-sower\/<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u201cDrought.\u201d <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Oehha.ca.Gov<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">, California Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment, 23 Aug. 2023, <\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/oehha.ca.gov\/climate-change\/epic-2022\/changes-climate\/drought\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">oehha.ca.gov\/climate-change\/epic-2022\/changes-climate\/drought<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Huang, X., et al. \u201cFuture precipitation increase from very high resolution ensemble downscaling of Extreme Atmospheric River Storms in California.\u201d Science Advances, vol. 6, no. 29, 17 July 2020, <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1126\/sciadv.aba1323\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1126\/sciadv.aba1323<\/a>.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Lustgarten, A. \u201cThe Great Climate Migration Has Begun.\u201d <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">The New York Times<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">, The New York Times, 23 July 2020, <\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/interactive\/2020\/07\/23\/magazine\/climate-migration.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">www.nytimes.com\/interactive\/2020\/07\/23\/magazine\/climate-migration.html<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Reuters. \u201cWhat Is an Atmospheric River and How Does It Impact California? | Reuters.\u201d <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Reuters<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">, 24 Feb. 2024, <\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/www.reuters.com\/business\/environment\/what-californias-atmospheric-rivers-means-water-snowpack-levels-2024-01-30\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">www.reuters.com\/business\/environment\/what-californias-atmospheric-rivers-means-water-snowpack-levels-2024-01-30\/<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Watson, J. \u201cClimate Change Is Already Fueling Global Migration. The World Isn\u2019t Ready to Meet People\u2019s Changing Needs, Experts Say.\u201d <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">PBS<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">, Public Broadcasting Service, 28 July 2022, <\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/www.pbs.org\/newshour\/world\/climate-change-is-already-fueling-global-migration-the-world-isnt-ready-to-meet-peoples-needs-experts-say\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">www.pbs.org\/newshour\/world\/climate-change-is-already-fueling-global-migration-the-world-isnt-ready-to-meet-peoples-needs-experts-say<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>How to cite this page<\/h3>\n<p><em>Parable of the Sower (1993) by Octavia Butler<\/em>. (2024, May 17). Climate in Global Cultures and Histories: Promoting Climate Literacy Across Disciplines. Retrieved Month Date, Year, from <a href=\"https:\/\/www.science.smith.edu\/climatelit\/parable-of-the-sower-1993-by-octavia-butler\/\">https:\/\/www.science.smith.edu\/climatelit\/parable-of-the-sower-1993-by-octavia-butler\/<\/a>.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Parable of the Sower is a speculative fiction book written by Octavia Butler and published in 1993. The book follows the journey of Lauren Olamina, a girl who is able [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":312,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_crdt_document":"","_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"ngg_post_thumbnail":0,"_themeisle_gutenberg_block_has_review":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-2111","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Parable of the Sower (1993) by Octavia Butler - Climate in Arts and History<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.science.smith.edu\/climatelit\/parable-of-the-sower-1993-by-octavia-butler\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Parable of the Sower (1993) by Octavia Butler - Climate in Arts and History\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Parable of the Sower is a speculative fiction book written by Octavia Butler and published in 1993. 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