EGR 390, Spring 2012
Communications and Wireless Sensor Networks

Professor: Judith Cardell; Room 352 Ford Hall
Office hours: M 1:00 - 2:30, T 1:45 - 3:00

Class Time: MWF 10:00 - 10:50, FH 142

Pre-requisites:
 * EGR 220 - for building and testing circuits
 * CSC 111 - for some programming experience

Text: No text - readings provided
Students must purchase a sensor kit instead of a text  


   

Course Overview
Our world is being transformed by networked communications, in terms of both engineering advances and social, political and economic interactions. Underlying this transformation are three major technologies: computer networks, wireless communications and sensors. This course will introduce students to the theory and implementation of these technologies, including an overview of the OSI protocol stack, more focused study of the 802.11 and Zigbee wireless protocols, and the use of basic sensors as controlled by microprocessors. Students will also analyze and debate privacy and security concerns, as well as the social, political and economic benefits of these technologies. Students will participate in designing and implementing a small wireless sensor network on Smith Campus, using this test bed as the means to gain a deeper understanding of the technologies and the issues they raise.

EGR 390 Class and Assignment Schedule, Spring 2012

Week Topic Reading HW and Learning Notebooks due (Tuesdays
by 4pm to FH 352)
Jan 27
(Fri)
Data, Information and Communications: Our Obsession and its Curse
  * Communicating over time and space
  * Monitoring our world, and each other
  * The power in information and data
  * The magic in making technology work for us

Semester objective: Implement a sensor network - technical, societal, policy elements

Ongoing work
- Learning Notebooks for weekly homework
- Knowledge Building
º Intro Slides

For Wednesday Feb 1:
+ Knowledge Building readings and the Eagle Challenge
Note green underlines in these readings
º Student Approach to Learning
º Knowledge Society
º Efficiency & Innovation

º Science Friday podcast, 8/19/11
Semester Assignments:
º Learning notebooks
º Knowledge Forum
º Create a Sensor Network
º Lab Work Overview

Soldering Guides (more links below):
º Soldering Guide
º Adafruit Soldering Guide
--> To start working
at your own pace, recording progress, questions and other events in your learning notebook.

Jan 30 Introducing Soldering

Knowledge building within our community
  * What do we know?
  * What makes us curious?
  * KB: What do you need to know to proceed from E100?

Security and privacy: Are we winning or losing?
º Discussion on technology, policy and societal issues
º For discussion: Science Friday podcast, 8/19/11
º For discussion: Knowledge building readings (above) and using Knowledge Forum

Friday investigating time: Time to continue your work from the week
  * The Arduino microprocessor
  * Soldering
  * Programming
  * Debugging - software and hardware

º KF Slides

Adruino Microprocessor Tutorials
+ "Getting Started with Arduino" book on Moodle
+ Arduino tutorials: at Adafruit.com; &
+ Arduino's own (least friendly), &

Soldering videos (con't from above)
+ Soldering Guide
+ Assemble the battery pack
+ Solder the Proto Shield - link is within Lesson 3 from Adafruit. Go to "Solder It" link and follow along.
-> Identify and complete what is necessary and useful for you

HW 1:
- Learning notebooks;
- Investigate and post GPS issues and technology on KF (for class next week)
- Record notes in learning notebook
Feb 6 Internet Basics: Protocols and the OSI Protocol Stack
  * TCP/IP
  * TCP v. UDP - reliability v. speed

GPS Discussion
  * Smart phones tracking us
  * What is GPS and how does it work?
  * US Supreme Court case on GPS tracking

Friday possibility - first look at sensors available:
  * TweetAWatt tutorial
  * JPEG Camera tutorial
  * GPS tutorial

º Internet Slides

TCP/IP Reading:
+ Internet Overview

GPS Readings:
+ The Atlantic GPS case, article
+ Monitor article (more links at end of article)
+ The Atlantic GPS Tracking video
+ NPR GPS story #1
+ NPR GPS story #2

HW 2 due: Include initial thoughts in your notebook on creating a sensor network.
Feb 13 Wireless protocols
  * New tasks for protocols
  * New security and privacy concerns

Discussion: Options for networks to build, pros and cons
  * What will Smith College allow?
  * What hardware is needed?
  * What programs need to be written?
  * What are the first steps?

Wiring the Wireless
  * Xbees, Xbee adapters, programs

Wireless Slides

Protocol readings:
  * TCP/IP Tutorial
  * Link Layer Chapter 5
  * Wireless Security

  * Network book (copies available in lab) - for implementing Xbees
  * Xbee Adafruit tutorials:
  * Xbee adapter
  * FTDI Friend

Notebooks due, and:
  *  Wireshark lab guidelines
  *  Wireshark intro
  *  Wireshark HTTP
Feb 20 Semiconductors: PN junctions, Diodes, LEDs

Our Wireless Protocol:
  * Zigbee

Friday
  * Demos of Arduinos, or other circuits, so far

PN Junctions Slides
HTTP & ZigBee Slides

More on Zigbee than you will want to read:
 º  MIT Overview
 º  Tutorial
 º  Zigbee AMI
 º  Getting Started
 º  History Overview
 º  Zigbee Layer Tutorial
 º  Zigbee Stack Image
 º  Protocol Stack Image
 º  A Case Study
 º  Zigbee & Health Care
 º  Light Switch Example
 º  Wireless, Ch 16

 º  Demystifying Xbee, Digi
 º  Xbee Manual, Digi

HW 4 due
Feb 27 Security and Privacy:How do we define these?
 º  Recap privacy definition
 º  Error Detection
 º  Data security and cryptography

Checking in with Knowledge Building progress

Friday: Programming and Arduino and Xbee demos

Network & Midterm Topics Slides

Internet Readings: (from Kurose & Ross online)
 º  Error Detection, CRC
 º  TCP Reliability

Find and read about Arduino,
programming and circuits - Adafruit site has a lot.
Make electronics has a lot. Many many sites have a lot available. Find and share things with each other. See slides for links. Use texts in lab and on Moodle.
 º  A place to start: Point to point Xbee project

HW 5
Mar 5 Time to focus on the hardware
  * Arduinos, Xbees, etc
  * Programming
  * Debugging
Networking and Arduino books HW 6: In notebooks, include KF self-evaluation and a midterm exam possible question (see slides)
Mar 12 Is there anywhere to hide?
 º  Security basics.
 º  Security and privacy: data everywhere, who gets to use it?
 º  Case Study: Privacy concerns in electricity data
 º  Adding noise? Aggregating data?

Time to focus on Knowledge Buiding Discussions


Security Slides


 º  Security
In notebooks - KB self-evaluation fully completed (only a few did this last week)
Mar 19
Taking a Break from Sensors
   
Mar 26 Wireless Sensor Networks:
 º  Introductory level (this course)
 º  What we are not doing: energy scavenging, ad hoc networks.

Class discussions and presentations of your evolving sensor networks
More with Arduinos and XBees

Electricity Data and Privacy:
 º  AMI & Privacy
 º  Privacy & DR
 º  Privacy Aware Architecture
Midterm exam
Apr 2 WSN: Definition and challenges

IRB proposals: Finalized and ready to submit on Wednesday

Monitoring our campus?
  * Refining your network design
  * How do security and privacy issues shape our design?

Wireless Sensor Networks:
  * WSN Intro WorldSciPub
  * WSN Intro UVA
  * WSN Intro UCB
  * WSN Overview UT

HW 8: For this week, finalize IRB proposals to be submitted - this week! Develop plan for final weeks of semester for completing projects.
Apr 9 Programming: Functions, Variable scope rules
  * Programming 1 Slides
  * Programming 2 Slides
Arduino cookbook sections HW 9 due
Apr 16 Communications and Societies
  * Individuals' use
  * Government use
Continuing with our sensor network
Cellular Privacy:
  * Cellular Privacy
  * Carrier IQ
  * A Little Too Smart
  * OnStar
HW 10 due
Apr 23 Polictical Issues
  * Recent events as found by students
  * Revolution? Elections? Fear?
Testing and using our own sensor network
Articles to read HW 11 due
Apr 30 Our campus sensor networks
  * Demonstrations
  * Personal privacy?
  * Security of proprietary data
  * Use?
Articles to read HW: Final Report
 
Final Oral Exam
   

Course Objectives
Through the material explored in this course, students will discuss and learn:

  1. To design and implement a wireless sensor network, including
    • The sensors
    • The Arduino microprocssor
    • The XBee wireless transmitters and receivers
    • The far reaching issues of sensors invading our world
  2. The issues surrounding privacy, security and the fun and usefulness of new technology, including the following areas
    • Legal
    • Technological
    • Political, and
    • Social
  3. How data moves through computer networks,
  4. The fundamentals of the Internet (TCP/IP),
  5. The fundamentals of wireless network operation,
  6. To improve oral, graphical and written communication skills,
  7. To evaluate her personal learning process and understanding of the concepts and skills from class.

Reading and Class Time
The syllabus lists the reading for each week. Students are expected to do the reading before coming to class, in order to be fully prepared to solidify the material in the class period.

Assignments
There will be weekly homework assignments. There may also be short reading and homework quizzes in class.

Homework format
All homework solutions must be written on standard engineering paper (or typed and printed when appropriate, e.g., Matlab code and computer plotted results). Students are encouraged to work together to understand the concepts, but each student must work out and hand in her own solutions. All assignments are to be neatly written or typed, and stapled, with your name and date. Note that students are expected to follow the Honor Code for all work in this course. Copying on homework, labs or quizzes/exams, and other violations will be brought to the honor board.

The purpose of the homework is for you to have the opportunity to practice - practice - practice the skills and concepts from class. Since homework is the time to practice, you are not expected to have perfects solutions at all times. You are expected to do your best work for each problem however. In recognition of these goals, each homework problem will be evaluated on a 0-10 point scale as follows:

  • 0 No effort
  • 2 Problem statement written out but not attempted
  • 6 Incomplete attempt
  • 9 Complete attempt, incorrect solution
  • 10 Complete attempt, correct solution
A complete attempt includes identifying what is known, articulating what you are solving, stating any assumptions, properly labeling figures, including units and a reasonable number of significant figures in your answer, and clearly and neatly documenting your progression towards a final result.

Quizzes and Exams
There may be weekly quizzes that are used to assess progress and ensure students do not fall behind. There will be one midterm exam and a final oral exam , used to solidify concepts and assess the learning progress.

Project
Through small or large group projects, students will gain practical experience in designing and demonstrating a sensor network.

Class attendance
Students are required to attend class and participate in class discussions and problem solving exercises.

Grading
Grades in this course are designed to represent your achievement of the objectives listed above. The course components that will make up your grade are listed below.

ASSIGNMENT
GRADE CONTRIBUTION
Homework, learning notebooks and project
25%
Knowledge Building
25%
Class particpation
10%
Midterm exam
20%
Final oral exam
20%

Late Policy
All homework assignments must be turned in to room Ford Hall 352 (or prior to that time, in class); late assignments will be penalized at the rate of one point per minute unless you have requested and received and extension at least 24 hours before the deadline. However, each student will have a total of 1 hour (60 minutes) grace time to be used as desired by that student over the course of the semester, such that you can have a semester total of 60 tardy minutes for homework and the project without penalty (note that these minutes cannot be used for in-class reading questions, μ-Quizzes or exams).

Honor Code
The weekly homework assignments that you submit must be your own work. You are encouraged to discuss the problems and modeling issues with your classmates and work on them together, but each student must work out her own solutions. It is not okay to copy answers from another student's homework - doing so is a violation of the Honor Code. Note that it is a violation of the honor code to 1) use or copy another student's work, and 2) provide another student with your work. Projects will be done in small groups. Exams must be exclusively each student's own work, following the instructions provided with each exam. Do not hesitate to ask any questions that you may have concerning the honor code.