The American Redstart is an insectivorous species that prefers open woodlands, forest edges, and second growth habitat on its breeding grounds. It breeds from Alaska and western Canada, east to eastern Canada, and south to Georgia [Sherry and Holmes 1997 (BNA)]. The redstart is a common breeder throughout New England [Veit and Petersen 1993]. In winter, this species can be found from southern Florida and Baja California, south to Central and northern South America, including the Caribbean islands [Sherry and Holmes 1997 (BNA)]. American Redstarts are nocturnal migrants [Stevenson and Anderson 1994] and travel on broad fronts during both spring and fall migration. At these times, they utilize a wide variety of shrubby and woodland habitats [Sherry and Holmes 1997 (BNA)]. In spring, redstarts move northward in a front extending from the Mississippi Valley to the Atlantic Coast [Bent 1953, Dunn and Garrett 1997]. They can be expected to arrive in the Gulf States around the first week of April [Bent 1953]. By mid-May, migrant redstarts can be found in southern New England [Veit and Petersen 1993]. Redstarts may sometimes be among the most common migrants in Massachusetts in late May, when young males are particularly abundant [Veit and Petersen 1993]. Also in late May, they typically reach their breeding grounds in northern New England [Bent 1953]. Sex and age differences have been observed in timing of spring migration in this species. Male redstarts typically arrive before females, and older males arrive before 1-year old males [Francis and Cooke 1986]. Fall migration is similar to spring migration in that redstarts move south along a broad front in the eastern part of the U.S. Fall migrants are typically concentrated in a slightly narrower band than spring migrants (from the Appalachians to the Atlantic Coast) but it is not unusual to find migrants along the Pacific Coast in the fall [Sherry and Holmes 1997 (BNA)]. Redstarts may depart their northern breeding grounds as early as July, however most individuals leave later than this [Sherry and Holmes 1997 (BNA)]. In Maine, the majority of the redstarts depart by mid-September [Bent 1953] and in Massachusetts most migrants pass through between late August and late September [Veit and Petersen 1993]. American Redstarts may migrate in mixed-species flocks, particularly in the fall [Morse 1970].
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Observations
This forest warbler, which “hawks” flying insects, was more often detected in A and B sites, less often in C sites. CT A and MA B sites showed the highest concentrations. The flying invertebrate food of this species reaches peak abundance later than the “caterpillar-type” larvae preferred by other warblers. Thus this late migrant peaked in periods 4 or 5, with earlier sightings in the south of our study area.
Highest concentrations of redstarts were found in CT and MA, with an overall maximum in MA in period 5. In CT, the largest flocks were recorded, representing passing migrants as opposed to residents. American Redstart was one of the 10 commonest species recorded during the study. |
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