1. includes at least eight 150-year old trees per acre
2. is at least 5 acres in size
3. has been undisturbed by human activity for a sufficiently long period

 American Toad

Because 75-90% of Massachusetts was cleared in the mid-1800's, only about 25 sites for old growth are known in the state. Nearly all of these are found in steep, rocky areas, like this site at the Mohawk State Forest. This forest includes many kinds of tree species, such as white ash, sugar maple, white pine, hemlock, yellow birch and beech. Because of the rigorous growing conditions, many of these ancient trees have not been able to reach giant size. In other areas of the country, Federally Endangered Species like the Northern Spotted Owl depend on habitats like this to survive. Here in New England, old growth forests provide important habitat for many kinds of wildlife. And they also teach us what natural old forests are like and inspire us with their beauty and endurance.